Dab tsi yog Aluminium Alloy?
Aluminium alloy yog cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg uas lwm cov ntsiab lus tau ntxiv rau cov ntshiab txhuas txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov khoom, feem ntau ua kom nws lub zog. Lwm cov ntsiab lus no suav nrog hlau, silicon, tooj liab, magnesium, manganese thiab zinc ntawm qib uas ua ke tuaj yeem ua rau ntau li 15 feem pua ntawm cov hlau los ntawm qhov hnyav. Alloys tau muab tus lej plaub, uas thawj tus lej txheeb xyuas cov chav kawm dav dav, lossis cov koob, uas yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm alloying.
Ntshiab Aluminium
1xxx Series
Lub 1xxx series alloys muaj xws li txhuas 99 feem pua lossis siab dua purity. Cov koob no muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo heev, kev ua haujlwm zoo heev, nrog rau siab thermal thiab hluav taws xob conductivity. Qhov no yog vim li cas 1xxx series feem ntau siv rau kev sib kis, lossis kab hluav taws xob, kab. Cov npe alloy feem ntau hauv cov koob no yog 1350, rau kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab 1100, rau cov tais ntim khoom noj.
Thaum tshav kub kub-Treatable Alloys
Qee cov alloys muaj zog los ntawm kev kho cua sov thiab tom qab ntawd quenching, los yog txias txias. Kev kho cua sov siv cov khoom, alloyed hlau thiab ua kom sov rau ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb. Cov ntsiab lus alloy, hu ua solute, yog homogeneously faib nrog cov txhuas muab tso rau hauv ib qho kev daws teeb meem. Cov hlau yog tom qab quenched, los yog sai txias, uas freezes lub solute atoms nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Yog li ntawd, cov atoms solute sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv ib qho kev faib ua kom zoo. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub uas yog hu ua natural aging los yog nyob rau hauv lub kub kub ua hauj lwm uas yog hu ua dag aging.
2xxx Series
Hauv 2xxx series, tooj liab yog siv los ua lub hauv paus ntsiab lus alloying thiab tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog ntxiv los ntawm kev kho cua sov. Cov alloys muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke zoo ntawm lub zog siab thiab tawv, tab sis tsis muaj qib ntawm atmospheric corrosion kuj zoo li ntau lwm cov txhuas alloys. Yog li ntawd, cov alloys no feem ntau yog pleev xim rau los yog clad rau xws li raug. Lawv feem ntau clad nrog high-purity alloy los yog 6xxx series alloy los tiv thaiv corrosion. Alloy 2024 tej zaum qhov dav dav paub dav hlau alloy.
6xxx Series
Lub 6xxx series muaj ntau yam, kho cua sov, tsim tau zoo heev, weldable thiab muaj zog nruab nrab siab ua ke nrog zoo heev corrosion kuj. Alloys nyob rau hauv no series muaj silicon thiab magnesium nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tsim magnesium silicide nyob rau hauv lub alloy. Extrusion khoom los ntawm 6xxx series yog thawj qhov kev xaiv rau kev siv vaj tse thiab cov qauv siv. Alloy 6061 yog cov khoom siv dav tshaj plaws hauv cov koob no thiab feem ntau siv hauv cov tsheb thauj khoom thiab marine ntas. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee lub xov tooj tau tsim los ntawm 6xxx series alloy.
7xxx Series
Zinc yog thawj alloying tus neeg sawv cev rau koob no, thiab thaum magnesium ntxiv nyob rau hauv ib tug me me npaum li cas, qhov tshwm sim yog ib tug kub-kho, siab heev alloy alloy. Lwm cov ntsiab lus xws li tooj liab thiab chromium kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv rau me me. Cov alloys paub ntau tshaj plaws yog 7050 thiab 7075, uas tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam dav hlau.
Tsis Kub-Treatable Alloys
Cov alloys uas tsis yog cua sov kho tau ntxiv dag zog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias. Kev ua haujlwm txias tshwm sim thaum dov lossis forging txoj kev thiab yog qhov ua haujlwm ntawm "ua haujlwm" cov hlau kom nws muaj zog. Piv txwv li, thaum dov aluminium mus rau nyias qhov ntsuas, nws tau muaj zog dua. Qhov no yog vim tias kev ua haujlwm txias ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab qhov chaw nyob hauv cov qauv, uas tom qab ntawd inhibits kev txav ntawm atoms txheeb ze rau ib leeg. Qhov no nce lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Alloying cov ntsiab lus xws li magnesium ua kom cov nyhuv no, ua rau muaj zog ntau dua.
3xxx Series
Manganese yog lub ntsiab alloying tseem ceeb hauv cov koob no, feem ntau nrog me me ntawm magnesium ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog qee feem ntawm manganese tuaj yeem ua tau zoo ntxiv rau txhuas. 3003 yog ib qho nrov alloy rau lub hom phiaj dav dav vim tias nws muaj lub zog nruab nrab thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv ua noj. Alloy 3004 thiab nws cov kev hloov kho yog siv nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm txhuas haus cov kaus poom.
4xxx Series
4xxx series alloys yog ua ke nrog silicon, uas tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau hauv cov khoom kom txaus kom txo tau qhov melting point ntawm txhuas, tsis ua brittleness. Vim li no, 4xxx series ua tau zoo heev vuam hlau thiab brazing alloys uas yuav tsum tau ib tug qis melting point. Alloy 4043 yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv dav siv ntau tshaj plaws rau vuam 6xxx series alloys rau cov qauv thiab kev siv tsheb.
5xxx Series
Magnesium yog thawj alloying tus neeg sawv cev hauv 5xxx series thiab yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws thiab siv dav hlau alloying ntsiab rau txhuas. Alloys nyob rau hauv no series muaj nruab nrab mus rau siab lub zog yam ntxwv, nrog rau zoo weldability thiab tsis kam mus corrosion nyob rau hauv marine ib puag ncig. Vim li no, aluminium-magnesium alloys yog dav siv hauv tsev thiab kev tsim kho, cia tso tsheb hlau luam, cov hlab ntsha siab thiab kev siv dej hiav txwv. Piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv alloy muaj xws li: 5052 hauv electronics, 5083 hauv marine daim ntawv thov, anodized 5005 nplooj ntawv rau architectural daim ntawv thov thiab 5182 ua rau cov txhuas dej haus lub hau.
